by Grow Up Conference | Jan 10, 2024 | Cannabis News Wire, Media Partners
In anticipation of the U. S. Drug Enforcement Administration’s (DEA) upcoming decision on marijuana rescheduling, the cannabis industry braces for what could be the most significant change in U.S. marijuana policy in half a century. The potential rescheduling carries the promise of tax reform, specifically the elimination of Section 280E from the federal tax code. The section has been a financial burden on state-legal marijuana retailers and has repercussions throughout the supply chain.
As we look ahead, here are five predictions for the cannabis industry in the coming year:
Rescheduling marijuana and eventual tax relief
The DEA is likely to propose the rescheduling of cannabis, aligning with the HHS’ recommendation to move the substance from Schedule I to Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act. This acknowledgment of marijuana’s medical value, influenced by state-provided data, initiates the ongoing administrative review launched by the Biden Administration in October 2022. Legal challenges are likely to follow.
Rescheduling would bring tax relief as Section 280E’s constraints on federal tax deductions for state-legal marijuana businesses would cease. This change holds the potential to inject more financial strength into the $34 billion U.S. cannabis industry. Some businesses are already seeking refunds, setting the stage for potential shifts in the industry’s financial landscape.
Federal progress in limbo
While banking reform legislation gained traction in 2023, the chances of its passage in the current Congress are uncertain. A mere 13% of senior congressional aides anticipate success, signaling potential deadlock. The hope for federal Farm Bill amendments addressing hemp-derived competition persists, but state-level hurdles might complicate matters.
Next legalization frontiers
Pennsylvania and Florida emerge as potential candidates for the next states to legalize cannabis. Ohio’s recent move toward adult-use marijuana suggests a shifting landscape, prompting attention to Florida’s 2024 ballot and Pennsylvania’s legislative developments, despite partisan divisions.
Combating the illicit market
States are gearing up to tackle the burgeoning illicit market, exemplified by New York’s struggle with unlicensed sellers. While legal retail capacity expands, the effectiveness of new options in redirecting customers away from the illicit market remains uncertain. Regulators face the challenge of balancing enforcement and incentives.
Social-equity challenges
States have been grappling with the implementation of social-equity promises in the legal cannabis industry. New York’s attempts to prioritize small businesses face constitutional challenges, prompting a reevaluation of strategies to ensure equitable participation. The industry is under pressure to address legal challenges from excluded entrepreneurs, necessitating innovative solutions.
As the industry navigates these potential developments, 2024 promises transformative shifts in policy, taxation and societal impact. Enterprises such as Tilray Brands Inc. (NASDAQ: TLRY) (TSX: TLRY) will be looking for any new opportunities that they can leverage to deepen their penetration in jurisdictions with legal cannabis markets.
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CNW420 spotlights the latest developments in the rapidly evolving cannabis industry through the release of two informative articles each business day. Our concise, informative content serves as a gateway for investors interested in the legalized cannabis sector and provides updates on how regulatory developments may impact financial markets. Articles are released each business day at 4:20 a.m. and 4:20 p.m. Eastern – our tribute to the time synonymous with cannabis culture. If marijuana and the burgeoning industry surrounding it are on your radar, CNW420 is for you! Check back daily to stay up-to-date on the latest milestones in the fast -changing world of cannabis.
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by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Cannabis Prospect Magazine, Media Partners
by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Cannabis Prospect Magazine, Media Partners
by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Cannabis Prospect Magazine, Media Partners
by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Cannabis Prospect Magazine, Media Partners
by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Cannabis News Wire, Media Partners
Wisconsin may be the latest state to pass cannabis reform measures after a bipartisan group of lawmakers formally introduced a proposal to decriminalize cannabis possession in late December. First previewed in early December, the noncommercial and relatively limited reform may garner enough support to advance past Wisconsin’s GOP-controlled legislature.
The marijuana decriminalization measure was introduced by Representatives David Considine, Sylvia Ortiz-Velez and Shae Sortwell alongside Senator Lena Taylor. Assembly Bill 861 would remove criminal penalties such as jail time for cannabis-related offenses, such as simple possession of up to 14 grams of marijuana, and replace criminal charges for cannabis offenses with a $100 civil penalty.
Current Wisconsin law criminalizes cannabis possession and punishes the offense with a maximum of six months in jail and a $1,000 fine.
The proposed decriminalization measure would also eliminate the need for people charged with cannabis possession to appear in court and replace it with a simple $100 fine. Additionally, the decriminalization measure would stop Wisconsin courts from counting cannabis possession convictions that involve up to 28 grams of cannabis. This means Wisconsin residents would never again be charged as repeat offenders for possessing small amounts of marijuana.
The measure also reduced penalties for repeatedly possessing larger amounts of cannabis from three and a half years imprisonment to 90 days. Individuals charged with drug paraphernalia possession will be liable to a $10 civil forfeiture fine down from as much as 30 days in jail and a $500 fine.
According to a censorship memo released by the measure’s sponsors, Wisconsin should not be imprisoning its residents for simply possessing small amounts of cannabis. On average, Wisconsin makes 15,485 arrests for minor cannabis possession and punishes simple possession suspects with up to six months in jail and a maximum $1,000 fine. The proposed measure would also grant law enforcement more flexibility on how they choose to deal with individual cannabis possession cases. This includes deciding whether or not to book and process individuals for simple cannabis possession or simply collecting certain personal information.
The measure would also reduce the liability of employers who choose not to test their employees for THC. However, these workplace testing provisions would not apply to jobs involving security and safety or those overseen by the federal Department of Transportation. The sponsorship memo noted that employers are increasingly choosing to forgo cannabis tests because they can be costly.
Assembly Bill 861 will head to the Assembly Committee on Criminal Justice and Public Safety.
If this reform movement results in the eventual legalization of cannabis, it could lead existing companies such as TerrAscend Corp. (TSX: TSND) (OTCQX: TSNDF) to weigh whether or not to expand their footprints into those new markets.
About CNW420
CNW420 spotlights the latest developments in the rapidly evolving cannabis industry through the release of two informative articles each business day. Our concise, informative content serves as a gateway for investors interested in the legalized cannabis sector and provides updates on how regulatory developments may impact financial markets. Articles are released each business day at 4:20 a.m. and 4:20 p.m. Eastern – our tribute to the time synonymous with cannabis culture. If marijuana and the burgeoning industry surrounding it are on your radar, CNW420 is for you! Check back daily to stay up-to-date on the latest milestones in the fast -changing world of cannabis.
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by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Media Partners, The New Agora

What Impact Do Our Intentions Have On Reality?
Part 2
By Joe Martino
Even if well practiced, are there various factors that may influence our ability influence physical reality with our consciousness?
In part 1 of this essay, I explored some science behind the idea that consciousness and our intentions have an impact on reality. I suggested that science upends the existing materialist paradigm and that refining is needed to understand the true nature of our reality.
I explored some of the real world implications of consciousness affecting reality, and how the more complexity there is in what we are trying to impact, create or manifest, the ‘harder’ it becomes. For example, trying to manifest the removal of a challenging health outcome in yourself with just the mind vs. trying to manifest a material item like a lavish house is different in terms of moving parts of complexity. One involves you and yourself, the other involves land, other people, materials etc. The idea here is, that perhaps manifesting ‘out there’ is more complex as many more individual consciousnesses are involved.
Research into the science behind this subject can go on for a long time as there are many fascinating studies to explore the various nuances of how our consciousness impacts reality, time, our past, our future, etc. The challenge is, that science as we use it today is likely limited to understanding the mysteries of consciousness, especially as it relates to things spiritual/philosophical in nature. Hence the need to explore other avenues of knowing.
In this part, I’d like to expand on what I feel might be some influential factors that govern, for lack of a better word, potential effect sizes when it comes to consciousness impacting reality.
If you consider that consciousness is what we hold in our minds, beliefs, worldviews, cultures etc. and that it informs our actions, then our consciousness is always creating and impacting our reality. But in that case, it’s our consciousness aligned with our physical actions. Together, they create a matrix of experience where our minds hold in place what is possible while our actions reinforce it in an interplay.
But consciousness experiments open up a slightly different question. How much do thoughts alone, with no action added, impact our reality? Can our intentions heal cancers, manifest objects, change or bend matter etc? Can this scale-up be applied to how our society is designed?
Although at some level we see the incredible effects of consciousness affecting our reality, we see that effect sizes are either small, sometimes rare, or hard to reproduce – nonetheless, they exist.
Here’s some of what I’ve pondered about this mysterious hard question related to intention alone impacting our reality.
I want to remind readers that there is a difference between how the quality of our consciousness affects the lens through which we see the world, and the discussion of just our consciousness changing matter.
1. The Journey of Our Soul
I believe as souls we reincarnate. I feel that way not only because I’ve had very strong memories of some of my past lives since I was a kid, but because science has given us a great deal to think about on that subject as well. I believe our universe is driven by evolution. Consciousness is always tending toward growth and evolution. Given that, I feel we incarnate to have experiences that continually tend us toward evolution. Thus, our soul is exposed to different experiences to gather experience and grow from it.
Imagine if our soul had an unfoldment it was looking to experience for growth, like levelling up in a video game if you will. It could perhaps be the case that what we consciously intend to create would interrupt that lesson, and thus perhaps the soul’s journey governs part of our conscious intention.
2. Collective Consciousness – Collective Evolution
Beyond individual soul growth, there is also the collective game being played, which is held for the collective to evolve as a whole. If our collective soul is on an evolutionary path that requires specific unfoldments to occur to evolve the general masses, then certain individual creations may be limited by the game of the whole. I won’t say some things become impossible, more so that they may become less likely.
In that sense, our reality is co-created and it may be worthwhile to consider if our individual manifestations may be limited by the consciousness of the collective. Also, even a group’s consciousness may be limited by the collective. In this sense, we co-create our reality, the idea that only YOU as an individual creating your reality, is likely limited.
Think of the famous experiment where a group of meditators in Washington DC lowered crime rates in their city by 25%. The crime rates went back up after, why? Why was the effect not permanent? Is it a battle of collective consciousnesses? Is it that the effect wears out as the physical world built will tend back to the results its design incentivizes?
Collective Consciousness – Competing Consciousness’
Another worthwhile thought experiment is to consider that many people consciously try to create a similar outcome, yet these things cannot work out for everyone at the same time based on our worldly. How often do we hear of people trying to use their consciousness to create some sort of wealth or job promotion, yet we rarely consider who else has to ‘lose’ in the process?
Imagine 10 different employees with a meditation practice and vision board for becoming the next department head. All trying to use their manifestation and consciousness powers to get the top job. But only one can have it. How would this work? We don’t know, but it does point to the fact that our reality is co-created and this is part of having the human experience. This is not often considered in the realm of manifestation.
In this sense, the very design of our material society is a container in which consciousness is limited based on how it has become collectively defined, and there are competing interests.
Collective Consciousness – The Old Story
Why is it that the first thing most spiritual manifestors say we should create are things that come from our societal story of what it means to be successful? Sure, not all push this, but it’s often the case.
Many of these manifestations come at the expense of other people’s suffering. Think of material possessions made by slave workers for example. Think of lavish cars people want to manifest that rape the earth of minerals in unsustainable ways.
Similar to the journey of our collective evolution, perhaps we are being pushed to step out of the story of hyperindividualism and into a more holistic view of living. That seems to be our collective evolutionary journey right now. Thus a regulating factor on our consciousness may be that the game of separation and hyperindividualism is dying and will be less supported by our collective consciousness. In essence, evolution may not be feeding the old ‘wants.’
How often do you hear people consider how their goals and conscious manifestations cost others? I can tell you as someone who has been prominent in this field for 15 years and who’s made friends with many in high places, many of the conscious gurus, authors, and business owners out there are just as cutthroat as any greedy business person. It’s rare to find integrity.
3. The Human Experience IS The Point
I proposed this to my good friend Adam Curry who worked with IONS and the PEAR lab on the study of consciousness, and we had a great conversation about it.
It’s essentially the idea that although we may be able to peer into the underpinnings of the fabric of our reality and see its workings to some extent, perhaps the point is still that we are here to have a slower, physical manifesting experience, one that is co-created and tending toward evolution at the pace the collective creates together.
Just because we can see that everything is consciousness and that simply viewing something shows our intentions has an impact on it, doesn’t mean there aren’t co-created confines to the human experience that make the experience what it is for a reason.
After all, if the fabric of our entire reality is consciousness, why create a lived physical existence? Consciousness may want to experience something different.
When I recall many experiences I’ve had of non-duality or even being deeply connected to all that is, there is a sense of everything all at once. A deep peace, connectedness and limitless feeling, but also an ineffable feeling of wanting to create, experience, and evolve.
It’s hard to put into words. It’s like being in this incredibly peaceful and loving place yet feeling that being in that space ‘all the time’ isn’t the point. That creating, experiencing and evolving is.
Just these words may bring about so many preconceived notions of what I’m saying, but really, this experience can’t easily be put into words.
Thus, the regulating factor here is simply that earth was designed within the limitlessness of our reality to be a physical experience limited, to some degree, in how our consciousness impacts that reality. Manifesting an apple into your hand simply because you feel like you and want to eat may not be the point of this realm. Tending to, caring for, and growing the apple over a season may be.
Part of our collective challenge is learning to listen to one another, understand one another, respect one another and unlock a level of collaboration we haven’t seen due to our paradigm of separation and individualness.
As stated in part one, consciousness science suggests we must be on the same page to have our consciousness effectively impact reality. If we cannot get on the same page as to what we want to create in our world, how can we create it? How do we know if we have a similar vision for a future society?
This points to the need to act on various elements of ourselves. Our spirit, minds, hands, and hearts – all to explore what needs to unfold in ourselves to collaborate and get on the same page. Hence the need to make sense of our world together, and explore philosophies, stories and ideas. It all matters.
The question of consciousness creating our reality is a big one that has many layers to consider. While this concept has been largely oversimplified by many teachers, authors, speakers, it’s important to consider how we play with a concept that I’ve seen create so much suffering in people.
I’ve watched as friends have died from illnesses because they dedicated only their consciousness to getting rid of it. I’ve watched as people have waited around for years, even decades, trying to manifest a better life with their thoughts, while doing very little with their actions to create it. Perhaps this is the experience people were meant to have, or perhaps this is a society not yet wise with its understanding of quantum concepts.
It’s my feeling that life is meant to be lived, to be felt, to be experienced. If I’m being honest, through my past life memory of a much less physical world, I have a deep appreciation for the physical experience here on earth. So much of our modern world is geared towards overwhelming our eyes and ears with stimulation, we often forget to sense, touch, and feel inward. It is part of the beauty of being a sensorial creature. Touching things and feeling things. Not all realms have that experience, and yet to some degree, I see many humans trying to escape it.
I promised to discuss increasing effect sizes when it comes to consciousness impacting reality, but this essay is long enough as it is. All I will say is that I believe the effect size of our consciousness impacting reality can increase with practice and with a new collective paradigm, but I sense there is still a welcomed and designed limitation within this experience we call the human one.
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Related Article: https://newagora.ca/most-major-threats-these-days-are-based-on-lies-by-the-pulse/
by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Media Partners, Psychedelic News Wire
A small clinical trial involving military veterans suggests that a psychedelic called ibogaine has the potential to treat traumatic brain injury (TBI) symptoms such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The Stanford University study found that the lesser-known psychedelic reduced depression and PTSD symptoms by more than 80% in veterans with TBIs.
While the past few years have seen a surge of psychedelic-related studies and clinical trials, most of them have focused on classic psychedelics such as psilocybin (magic mushrooms), MDMA and LSD. These studies found that these popular psychedelics can be effective at treating the symptoms of various mental ailments, especially when they are combined with traditional talk therapy.
The recent study now adds ibogaine to the list of psychedelics that have the potential to treat debilitating mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Study coauthor and Stanford University neuroscientist Nolan Williams says that ibogaine seems to deliver a “broad, dramatic and consistent effect.”
The psychedelic is made from the bark of a central African shrub called Tabernanthe iboga and was traditionally used for ceremonial purposes.
According to Maria Steenkamp from the NYU Grossman School of Medicine, scientists have avoided researching the psychedelic for uses other than opioid dependence and withdrawal because it can cause fatal heartbeat irregularities and is strictly regulated in many nations. However, with more people failing to respond to conventional mental-health treatments such as therapy and antidepressants, Steenkamp says we “desperately need” new medical interventions.
Williams and his research team followed 30 U.S. veterans who went to a facility in Mexico where they purchased and took ibogaine alongside a magnesium supplement to reduce cardiac side effect risks. The research team reported an average 88% reduction in PTSD symptoms, an 87% drop in depression symptoms and an 81% reduction in anxiety symptoms one month after the ibogaine treatment. Furthermore, participants who had mild-to-moderate disabilities before treatment exhibited no disability one month after treatment, and none of the study participants had cardiac side effects.
Another study by researchers from the University of California posits that ibogaine may deliver its benefits by temporarily “reopening a critical period” where the nervous system is especially malleable. Steenkamp says that the study, which had no control group, was a “proof of concept” that proper ibogaine screening and administration could reduce the risks of deadly side effects.
The research team plans to use biomarkers and neuroimaging to learn how ibogaine works and figure out if it can provide long-term mental-health benefits.
Meanwhile, other research teams at companies such as Mind Medicine Inc. (NASDAQ: MNMD) (NEO: MMED) (DE: MMQ) are also making headway in developing therapeutic formulations from other psychedelics, including psilocybin. The mental-health field as we know it looks set for a major transformation in the coming years.
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by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Media Partners, Stratcann
Tilray reported the financial results for the second quarter of its fiscal year 2024 ended November 30, 2023, with a loss of US$46.2 million.
The company reported record net revenue of US$194 million, an increase of 34% in the second quarter compared to US$144 million in the prior year quarter.
Cannabis net revenue increased 35% to US$67 million in the second quarter compared to $50 million in the prior quarter. The gross margin for cannabis was 31% compared to 43% in the second quarter of the previous year.
Net revenue from Tilray’s alcohol sales increased 117% to US$47 million in the second quarter.
Tilray says it leads the Canadian cannabis market in revenue, sales volume, and market share with a 12.5% position during its second quarter, leading sales in cannabis flower, oils, concentrates, and THC beverages, buoyed by its acquisition of HEXO Corp. and Truss Beverage.
Tilray also says it is continuing to focus on expanding its distribution of medical cannabis into various international markets. It also hopes that it can expand its distribution of cannabis products into the US, pending any future changes to the country’s federal cannabis laws, especially by utilizing Tilray’s investment in the US brand Med Men.
Net revenue from cannabis sales for the six months ended November 30, 2022, was US$108.5 million, while adjusted gross profit was US$51 million.
For the three months ending November 30, 2022, net revenue on cannabis products sold was US$50 million, with an adjusted gross profit of US$21 million.
For the three months ended November 30, 2023, net cannabis revenue was US$67 million, with an adjusted gross profit of US$24 million.
Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis during this time period was US$6.4 million, Revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis was US$73 million, revenue from wholesale cannabis was US$4.3 million, and revenue from international cannabis was US$11.4 million, for a total of US$67.4 million, after some US$27.8 million in taxes.
Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis sales remained relatively the same as in the same reporting period from the previous year, while revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis, wholesale cannabis, and international cannabis sales increased significantly.
Featured image via Tilray.com
by Grow Up Conference | Jan 9, 2024 | Garden Culture Magazine, Media Partners
Whether you are cuckoo for coco or partial to peat, both growing media have demonstrated their suitability in growing for decades. Both growing media remain popular despite significant public attention regarding their sustainability. Arguably, both media command a large ecological footprint. If managed and manufactured responsibly (adhering to harvesting restrictions, composting or recycling spent media, better worker safety, reduced transportation, etc.), peat and coco are significantly better environmental choices than the most common grow medium with growers — stone wool (Rockwool), which is rarely repurposed or recycled.
Desirable Properties
Irrespective of the sustainability of these hydroponic growing systems, some integral properties are requisites for growing healthy and high-yielding crops. Quality plants need a high porosity substrate, and many roots prefer a well-aerated environment to allow for increased lateral growth. The ample pore space engineered within the media is critical in reducing the likelihood of root pathogens like Pythium spp. and Fusarium spp. taking hold. The physics of soilless mixes cannot be underestimated because, unlike natural soils with sufficient microbial populations to help engineer soil structure, soilless mixes rely on the proportion or size of materials added to provide structure. Soilless mixes should not be prone to oversaturation. Still, they should be able to maintain a moderate water content between irrigations. This is one of the most vital factors used by growers when crop steering plants from vegetative to generative growth. Beyond the physical components of a high-quality soilless mix, being chemically balanced and the media’s ability to hold and release nutrients over a short time are other factors to consider.
Not The Same


Most growers have equal success using preformed-stabilized plugs for cuttings (i.e., “clones”) establishment or seed germination, whether peat or coco-based. Depending on your cultivation strategy (e.g., “Sea of Green” – high plant density, reduced vegetative periods versus longer vegetative periods, and taller plants with a lower plant density), growers will plant rooted clones directly into their final pot size or choose an intermediate container until a final pot-up. It is essential to recognize that the air and water-holding capacities of a growing media are impacted by the geometry of the container (depth and width), with air-filled porosity increasing with container height. For growers, this correlates with the amount of water readily available to the plant, and perhaps more importantly, the amount of water we can add without leaching decreases with container height. In some cases, growers will overwater their containers, creating a saturated bottom half of the container and an underwatered top horizon, mainly when basing their watering frequency on the legacy practice of lifting pots. Growers who switch between coco and peat-based soils or different container sizes can often find themselves in flux between over and underwatering because of the assumption that these two growing media behave the same.
Cuckoo For Coco Coir
Horticultural growers have rapidly accepted coco coir-based growing media. Initially presented as an alternative to peat moss, cultivating using coco coir is not a simple substitution for replacing one growing media with another. Don’t think coco is simply a different form of peat — your cultivation practices will differ to ensure optimal plant health and yields. The most common forms of coco substrates include loose coco coir; coir mixed with perlite; expandable coir blocks that are pressed and contain coir pith, the husk fiber, and husk chips; and performed coir blocks, slabs, and grow bags. Coir’s popularity and primary divergence from peat is in its water-loving (hydrophilic) property, which is in direct contrast to the hydrophobic nature of peat. Coco usually does not require a wetting agent, naturally allowing for water tension to be reduced and spread evenly throughout the media. The ability of coco coir to not only readily absorb water but to re-saturate, similar to stone wool, allows for the employment of crop steering irrigation techniques, like frequent irrigations and dry-back. As a result, growers comfortable with a cultivation strategy that permits frequent waterings can reduce their substrate size, thereby allowing them to potentially reduce their production costs.
Know What You’re Working With
Despite these beneficial attributes, experienced growers transitioning to coco from other media often have disastrous results. Equating coco as a direct substitute for peat or stone wool can lead to nutrient deficiencies or watering issues. Not all coco is created equal. Coco products vary greatly, ranging from fine dust to large chunks. Some of this variability is specific to brands. You must remain consistent with your coco brand choice until you have done sufficient R&D to determine if an alternative brand will work. But variability, unfortunately, happens within a brand with specific batches containing finer particles, creating increased water retention and poor aeration of the root zone. Moreover, certain batches can have higher levels of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), heavy metals, and even pathogens.
Coco coir containing high levels of these salts can cause visible nutrient disorders or slower growth and development. As such, many coir manufacturers will wash and/or buffer or charge their coco by either using water to leach out some of the excess salts or calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) to bump off the Na and K.
What About Peat?
Where coco, if the right proportion of fine and coarse fibers are mixed, can be used as a sole ingredient, peat moss cannot. Peat-based growing media will typically incorporate coarse bog materials to accompany the many species of Sphagnum moss in the bog. These chunkier materials, often along with bark mulch, “green” wood fibers, compost, perlite, and/or vermiculite, help peat-based substrates from compaction or shrinkage.


Compared to stone wool and coco coir, peat moss has a high buffering capacity for water, pH and nutrients, and unlike coco coir, peat is acidic, hydrophobic and low in nutrients. As such, most peat-based substrate manufacturers will use a liming agent (e.g., calcitic or dolomitic limestone), a synthetic wetting agent (to help water become wetter), and a slight nutrient charge. For novice growers, using a high-porosity peat-based substrate can be more forgiving in terms of messing up the nutrient balance and pH around the root zone.
A Personal Choice
Far from a “SmackDown”, as both peat moss and coco coir have their merits and drawbacks, much of the decision to choose one over the other will be based on individual preferences and philosophical values. We must recognize that coco and peat are substitutes but not interchangeable. Growers must tweak their cultivation strategy to get the most out of their substrate.
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