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A scientific review on cancer and cannabis has concluded that various cannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG) and delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), hold promising potential as anticancer agents via different mechanisms.
Already, clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of cannabinoids in health improvement and the regression of tumors in palliative care.
The review was carried out by a team of nine scientists from schools in Turkey, Pakistan, South Korea, Romania, Portugal and Saudi Arabia. The researchers examined studies on the anticancer properties of cannabinoids, which included review articles, research papers and meta-analyzes involving in vivo, clinical and in vitro trials.
Their analysis covered different types of cancer, including glioma, breast cancer, melanoma, lung and leukemia. The researchers also investigated the use of cannabis in palliative care and patients undergoing chemotherapy, discovering that cannabinoids play a huge role in palliative care because it helped regulate pain, nausea and the patients’ appetites.
The review also showed that cannabinoids may work together with chemotherapy, with the study suggesting that the compounds could enhance the treatment’s cytotoxic effects via different mechanisms.
For example, delta-9 THC and CBD demonstrated that they could decrease cell proliferation and cause apoptosis when administered in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel and cisplatin. These cannabinoids could also modulate pathways involved in apoptosis and regulation of cell cycles, which helped increase cancer cell susceptibility to death induced by chemotherapy.
In their report, the researchers highlighted the huge gaps in knowledge regarding marijuana’s mode of action and effects on the microenvironment of tumors, among others. They also acknowledged that hurdles to incorporating marijuana into cancer treatment remained, including determining optimal dosing and regulatory barriers. In addition, the researchers emphasized the need for further randomized trials to validate their findings and noted that by improving the understanding of the mechanisms of cannabinoids and their interactions with cancer cells, they could better harness their therapeutic potential.
Results of the review were published in the “Discover Oncology” journal.
Publication comes just after a special issue focusing on marijuana and cancer was published by the “National Cancer Institute.” The special issue centered on answering questions around the relationship patients had with marijuana, including reasons for use, behavioral patterns linked to the use of marijuana, associated cost and sourcing of the drug.
Earlier in the year, another study on the potential therapeutic value of marijuana compounds determined that some minor cannabinoids may possess anticancer effects on leukemia. These findings were reported in the “BioFactors” journal.
Such studies could provide inspiration for cannabis companies such as Cronos Group Inc. (NASDAQ: CRON) (TSX: CRON) to develop products targeting patients with particular forms of cancer. These treatments could supplement the conventional treatments currently being used to manage various cancers.
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